Circular loom for the production of closely woven fabrics



H. PELCE Jan. l5, 1952 CIRCULAR LOOM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF' CLOSELY WOVEN FABRICS 2 SI-{EETS--SHEET l Filed Feb. 2l. 1947 [all T- Isl H. PELCE Jan. 15, 1952 2,582,392 CIRCULAR LOOM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CLOS-ELY WOVEN FABRICS Filed Feb. 21, 1947 2 Sl-{EETS--SHEET 2 HENRI PELCE ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 15, 1952 CIRCULAR LOOM FOR THE PRODUCTION OF 314.0SIJJ( WOVEN FABRICS Henrir Pelc, Paris, France, assigner to Societe dite: Saint. Freres France (Societe Anonyme), Paris,

Application February 21, 1947. Serial No. 730,026

'I-hisy inventionhas for itsV object a circular loom designed for the production of closely woven fabrics containing a considerable number of warp threads.

The extreme difficulty of producing veryclosely woven fabrics ony circular looms arises from the fact that a qui-te large number of shuttles are in action simultaneously, so that a great many threads happen to be at the same time in thev open position and consequentlyI subjectedr toa considerable tensional stress, with the result that the pull exerted by the threads interferes with the progress through theweaving tube of? the tubular4 fabric` which can` only move on as a whole.

The action. of the slay, which in ordinary looms contributes to the progress of the fabric by pressing up the pick cannot be obtained easily in'- circular looms, sorthat when a closely woven fabric is manufactured on such looms it becomes quite difcult to move-it along.

This invention brings considerable improvements in suchlooms due to a threefold arrangement of.. parts by which the progress of the fabric is ensured however closely the fabric may be woven.

The said improvements reside therein that' the sliding track for the shuttles is arranged in such manner that the warp threads in their lowermost position shall be set at obtuse or at least right angles to the tube. In addition, the weft beat-up spike wheels are given a rotational movement at a higher speed than and in the same direction as that of the shuttles. Finally, a retaining strip of card clothing arranged within the tube prevents the woven fabric from slipping backwards as soon as it has moved past the weaving zone.

This invention will be best understood with the aid of the following description thereof in which reference is had to the appended drawings in which: Y

Figure 1 is a diagrammatical sectional view of a circular loom.

Figure 2 is a similar view of a modification.

Figure 3 is an enlarged perspective View of the loom shown in Fig. 1. parts being shown in section.

Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig. 3 showing the driving and driven members.

Fig. 5 is a plan of a loom, in accordance with the invention, showing an arrangement of idle and driven beat-up wheels.

The shuttle which runs on the rail 2 lays the `weft thread between' the warp threads in France January 17, 1947 5; Claims;P (Cl. 139-43) the end positions Fr and' F2 and producesl the fabric that moves down in the inside of the tube 3.

As shown in Fig; 1 the whole rail 2 is inclined and the shuttle moves in a shed whose axis is set at an angle of aboutv to the axis of the loom proper. The lower thread F2 itself intersects an angle: oiv with the tube in` which the woven fabricv undergoes a change in direction.

According to Fig. 2 which shows the preferred arrangement the rail 2 still has an annular cylindrical form, yet itsl position with respect to the tube 3 and to-H the origin of thethreads O is completely different.

Here again, the lowerv threads F2: intersects an angle ofV 90 with theA tube 3., but the shed is not symmetric with respect to the shuttle. The point (Dx is so chosen that the` upper warp thread sha-ll have the same length as the lower warp thread between point O` and the tube; the shuttle is designed accordingly.

Moved' round below the lower sheet represented byI the'- thread F2 of" the preceding gures are small wheels 4 carrying a crown of short sharppointedl spikes 5E which are knownI in their princi'pl'e and whichare illustrated in Fig. 3. Said wheels travel belowA the sheet and drive the weft towards the tube, thus performing for a short while the action of an ordinary loom slay.

The fundamental and new feature with these wheels is that they will not follow the shuttles in their movement to beat up the weft thread laid by the preceding shuttle, as they are carried by a ring 6 which is rotated in the same direction as the shuttles yet at higher speed than the latter.

It is evident that in these conditions the Wheels can be used in quite considerable number, this depending only upon the space available around the tube; with a four-shuttle loom it is thus possible, instead of providing four beat-up wheels revolved at the same speed as the shuttles around the weaving tube, to arrange e. g. twelve of them revolved at twice the speed of the shuttles. In the former case the weft is beaten up four times during each complete revolution of the loom whereas in the latter it will be beaten up 12 2=24 times, with the same length of fabric produced, which means that the action will be considerably more effective.

In the arrangement illustrated in Fig. 3 the shuttle is moved in the direction shown by the arrow with a speed V. The wheel d provided with sharp-pointed spikes 5 is one of those which, being mounted on an independent ring 6, are

adapted to revolve below the sheet at any desired speed, for instance 2V. The periphery of said wheel will thus skip the weft thread and beat up the one laid by the preceding shuttle. It will be followed by a further wheel that will perform the same function.

A certain number of these wheels are idle, same being revolved by their meshing with the threads. One or several of these wheels are driven positively. The alternation of such driven and idle wheels enables them to run through the threads while permanently securing compensation for the driving action exerted on them by the thread sheets.

Fig. 4 shows the manner in which a wheel 4 is interdependent in rotation with another wheel 8 which is mounted on the same shaft and which rubs against a ring 9 which surrounds the tube lIn Fig. there are shown two idle wheels mounted in accordance with Fig. 3 and two driven wheels 4 mounted and driven as illustrated in Fig. 4. 1

Arranged as close as possible to the upper end of the tube 3 is a retaining strip of card clothing i whose spikes are directed at an angle of about 45 downwards; consequently, as the fabric progresses, it will remain in permanent engagement with said card which besides does not inter fere with its progress.

However, since the difficulty with the moving on of the tubular fabric resides mainly in the resiliency of the constituents it is obvious that the action of the spike wheels although considerably multiplied, will tend to result in elastic deformations instead of a moving on of the fabric.

The provision of the said card clothing precludes the occurrence of this inconvenience since the resiliency of the fabric compels the same to cling to the retaining card clothing. The latter, which is secured to the tube, prevents the fabric from slipping backwards, so that after each passage of a Wheel the progress of the fabric becomes definitive.

For right closely woven fabrics the card clothing is designed to penetrate the same; it may even be constituted by rigid sharp-pointed spikes suitably inclined and set in a suitable back, e. g. one made of strap, leather or India rubber.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A circular loom comprising at least one shuttle and one weft beat-up spike wheel having short points and performing the function of an ordinary loom slay said beat-up wheel being revolved in the same direction as the shuttle yet at higher speed.

2. A circular loom according to claim l comprising at least one idle spike wheel and at least one additional positively driven spike wheel.

3. `A circular loom according to claim l comprsing a tube and within the tube a retaining card with spikes, said spikes being inclined downwardly adapted to allow the fabric to creep downwards as a result of the action of the beat-up spike wheel and to prevent it from recoiling following the action of the wheel.

4. A circular loom comprising shuttles and weft beat-up spike wheels performing the function of an ordinary loom slay and revolved in the same direction as the shuttles but at twice the speed ofthe shuttles.

5. A circular loom comprising shuttles and weft beat-up spike wheels performing the function of an ordinary loom slay and revolved in the same direction as the shuttles but at a speed comprised between 1.5 and 4 times that of the shuttles.

HENRI PELC.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 

